Like so many other native plants, wild yam is known by many other names.  Some of the more common ones include American yam, Atlantic yam, Barbasco, China root, Colic root and Devil’s bones.  Not to be confused with edible yams, wild yam is sometimes marketed today is as a “natural estrogen.”  It is purported to be useful as an alternative to estrogen or dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in treatment of menopausal symptoms. Unfortunately, the human body lacks the enzymes to convert the plant compounds found in yam to either estrogen or DHEA.  Although anecdotal testimonials abound, it is important to understand that the biochemistry does not support use of wild yam as a “natural estrogen.” 

So why should we consider wild yam as an addition to our native perennials?  It is an elegant vine that can be depended upon to weave through fence, trellis or arbor.  Likewise, it will ramble through established plantings providing a lush understory for larger beds.  Although, as its name implies, it is a close relative to cultivated yams, it is not edible.  Yet wild yam’s ornamental value is considerable.  Indeed, its heart shaped foliage is attractive throughout the growing season with prominent veining.  This makes it a great foliage plant.  These leaves turn a golden yellow in the fall, providing a striking accent.  Spring and early summer bring flowers in creamy yellow clusters.  Winged seed pods follow, green in summer, brown in fall, hanging on in winter as accents.

To grow this delightful native perennial vine, keep in mind that it is dioecious, meaning that it requires both male and female plants for proper flowering and seed production.  It is found across the Lower Midwest and into the Upper Midwest as far west as Central Minnesota and southeastern Nebraska.  In its native state, it usually is found in moist woods and floodplains as well as in hedgerows.  It tolerates full sun but will do well in light to partial shade.  One attractive feature of wild yam is its drought tolerance, although it prefers moist, well-drained soils for optimum growth.  

If you want to try your hand at propagating the vine, you can germinate from seeds or start from division of tubers.  Which ever route you try, you’ll be rewarded with an enduring ornamental addition to your landscape.